Physics
Physics is the field of science dealing with the physical laws of the world in which we live. In physics, everything is governed by the laws of physics, which provides the fundamental framework of the observable universe. The laws of physics deal with the world at all scales, small and large, quick or slow, hot or cold. The laws of physics is intimately connected with mathematics, and we can predict physical phenomenom with a high degree of accuracy using mathematics. More modern physics use more advanced mathematics.
The two most modern theories of physics to date are the General Theory of Relativity and Quantum Field Theory. While both are assumed to exist at all scales, the observability of the General Theory of Relativity are fairly weak at the submolecular scale but very strong at the cosmological scale, whereas the observability of Quantum Field Theory is very strong at the submolecular scale but very weak at the cosmological scale.
The General Theory of Relativity states that no matter what our state of motion, whether inertial or accelerated, whether in the prescence of a weak field of gravitation or a strong field of gravitation, the laws of physics remains the same.
Quantum Field Theory states that we exist in a sea of fields, most prominant of which is the electromagnetic field. The value of the fields varies statistically, and thus the theory is indeterministic with respect to precise measurement.
Both theories, while they require a major shift of paradigm, do NOT violate the tenets of Objectivism, but in a very unique way, they actually support Objectivist metaphysics.
Currently, work is being done to unify these two theories into a Theory Of Everything, but no approach is perfect. We have not come much closer to an observable Theory Of Everything, but it is possible that String Theory and its derivatives will bring us closer. Loop Quantum Gravity already has an experimental test, but unfortunately the conceptual framework for Loop Quantum Gravity denies some axioms accepted in modern physics, moreso than String Theory and its derivatives.